Abstract:
Grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) are very susceptible to virus diseases. In order to determine the
usefulness of thermotherapy (50.C and a gradual increase at 10.C and humidity 80% for 30
minutes) and in vitro meristem culture to obtain virus-free grapevine plants were used in five
grape cultivars (Vitis vinifera)"Paykani" , "Sultanina", "Kondori", "Fakhri" and "Shast Arus".
Grapevine leaf extract samples were initially tested by indicator plants to confirm their virus
status. Afterward, the apical meristems from the plants surviving the thermotherapy treatment
were excised (0.1- 0.2 mm) and transferred to fresh 1/2MS medium with 0.5 mgL-1 of BAP and
grown in a culture room until they developed into entire plants. Control plants and all the plants
that survived thermotherapy were assessed for their virus status using indicator plants. Results
showed BAP at 0.5 mg L-1
gave the highest in vitro multiplication rate, with 3.75 shoots per
explant, whereas elongation was greatest in the presence of 0.5 mgL-1 of BAP. The mean
percentage of free disease was in Fakhri 94%, Peykani 93.5%, Sultana 92.5%, Kondori 95.5%
and Shast Arus 94.5%. The results showed that the used method had high reliable in the
propagation and production of disease-free plant. |
