Abstract: The research showed that diagnosis thirteen species of ants of family Formicidae in Basrah
province which are returning to two Sub families: Subfamily Myrmicinae Monomorium schultzei
(Forel), Triglyphorthrix lanuginose (Mayr), Tetramorium depressiceps (Menozzi),
Crematogaster luctans (Forel), Messor infotestaceus (Forster), Acantholepis dolobellae (Forel),
Tetramorium caldarium (Roger). Sub family Formicinae Componotus xerexs (Forel),
Anoplolepis anoplolepi (Menozzi), Polyrhachis simplex (Myr), Plagiolepis pygmaea (latreille),
Paratrechina jaegerskjoelds (Mayr), Plagiolepis tumidula (Emery). the study was diagnosis five
of ants for the first time in Iraq. The symbiotic relationships studied between seven species of
ants with eleven species of aphids which infected various of plants Aphis gossypii, Mysus
persicae, A. fabae, A. craccivara, Sgraminum, R. maidis, R. padi, A. nerii ,M. dimodum, Mysus
rosae, U. jacerae. as well as the symbiotic relationship between the three species of ants M.
schultzei, C. luctans and P. pygmaea with larvae of Tarucus rosaceae which infected the leave
of zizyphus trees and two species of ants C. luctans and M.caldarium, have symbiotic
relationship with mealybugs Nipaecoccus vastator. There were three species of ants M.
rufatestacus, C. xerexs and A. anoplolepi infected the fruits of date trees. so as the negative
relationship between five species of ants C. luctans, C. xerexs, A. anoplolepi, M. infotestaceus
and P. simplex with honey bee hives, Ants infested bee brood those eggs, larvae, pupa and the
adults of bees and also consume honey, pollen and wax discs. The three species of ants T.
lanuginose, T. caldarium and M. infotestaceus which damage the seeds of tomato crop in zabair
region. |