Authors:
Luciana Sayuri Tahira, Priscila Torres, Marcelo José Pena Ferreira, Marcelo Marucci P. Tangerina, Daniélle Santos-Lima, Renan Canute Kamikawachi, Wagner Vilegas, Ângela Lúcia Bagnatori Sartori and Miriam Sannomiya |
Abstract:
The indiscriminate use of herbicides can guide to some environmental damages. Thus, the search
for alternative bioherbicides from natural sources with biodegradable properties and less toxicity
to the microbiota is essential. The focus of this work is the chemistry and phytotoxic study of the
hydroethanolic extract of Machaerium amplum Benth. leaves. The chemical study by FIA-ESIIT-MSn
experiments allowed the detection of apigenin and luteolin C-glycoside derivatives,
quinic acid, the A-type proanthocyanidin dimer and trimer, and a saponin Soyasapogenol B type.
Phytotoxicity assays were performed with the extract and a group of fractions against tomato and
onion seeds under the parameters of germination, hypocotyl growth, and root length. The extract
showed a 70% of inhibition effect at 0.8 mg.mL-1
on tomato root length. For the onion seeds, the
percentual of inhibition was 65% at 0.4 mg.mL-1
. All groups of fractions tested showed
significant inhibition on tomato seedling root length at 0.8 mg.mL-1
. The flavonoids fraction
showed interesting activity at 0.4 mg.mL-1
. The same fraction showed a percentage of inhibition
above 50% at 0.2 mg.mL-1
on onion seedling root length. This activity may be associated with
the C-flavones presence in this fraction. According to the ecotoxicity test with Artemia salina Leach, the extract presents no toxicity at the concentrations tested, and no antimicrobial activity
against Fusarium graminearum, F. oxysporum and Aspergillus flavus, thus reinforcing the
potential of the extract. |
