POTENTIALS AND CHALLENGES OF BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM SWINE FARMING IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL
Authors: Prof. Dr. Eduardo Saldanha Vogelmann and Prof. Dr. Juliana Prevedello
Prof. Dr. Eduardo Saldanha Vogelmann: Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande, São Lourenço do Sul, 96170-000, Brazil.
Prof. Dr. Juliana Prevedello: Institute of Oceanography, Federal University of Rio Grande, São Lourenço do Sul, 96170-000, Brazil.
ABSTRACT
Pig farming, largely concentrated in small and medium-sized rural properties, generates significant amounts of organic waste, which, when inadequately managed, contributes to environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Then, this study aims to analyze the potential and challenges of biogas production from pig farming waste in southern Brazil, emphasizing its relevance as a sustainable alternative to address energy, environmental and economic demands. Anaerobic digestion of waste enables the production of biogas (mainly methane), which can be used as a source of thermal or electrical energy. Additionally, it produces biofertilizers that reduce dependence on chemical inputs. Biogas use offers benefits such as climate change mitigation, diversification of the rural energy matrix, and promotion of the circular economy. However, several barriers persist, including high initial investment costs, the need for technical training, and regulatory obstacles. The text proposes strategies to overcome these issues, such as financial incentives, specific public policies, and the strengthening of cooperative arrangements. Thus, biogas emerges as a strategic tool for sustainable rural development and is aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Keywords: Anaerobic digestion, renewable energy, circular economy, greenhouse gas mitigation, environmental management, sustainable agriculture.